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3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0041, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387975

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Glaucoma drainage devices are important therapeutic options for cases of refractory glaucoma, in which trabeculectomy with antimetabolites has shown high risk of failure. There are devices with different sizes, designs and materials, and several studies have been conducted to test their safety and effectiveness. Despite known complications, their use has progressively increased in recent years, and they are the primary surgical option, in some situations. The aim of this review is to discuss the importance, mechanisms, biomaterials, results and complications of glaucoma drainage devices.


RESUMO Os dispositivos de drenagem para glaucoma são importante opção terapêutica em casos de glaucomas refratários, nos quais a trabeculectomia com antimetabólitos tem alta chance de falência. Há dispositivos com diferentes tamanhos, desenhos e materiais, e muitos estudos foram realizados para testar sua segurança e eficácia. Apesar de suas conhecidas complicações, seu uso tem aumentado progressivamente nos últimos anos, inclusive como primeira opção cirúrgica, em algumas situações. O objetivo desta revisão foi discutir a importância, os mecanismos, os biomateriais, os resultados e as complicações dos dispositivos de drenagem para glaucoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Glaucoma/surgery , Filtering Surgery/instrumentation , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Biocompatible Materials , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Filtering Surgery/methods , Prosthesis Implantation , Intraocular Pressure/physiology
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0104, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407679

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O óleo de silicone é um importante tampão utilizado na retinopexia cirúrgica de casos graves de descolamento de retina. O aumento da pressão intraocular e o desenvolvimento de glaucoma secundário são frequentes complicações da sua utilização. A depender do período de aparecimento, diversos mecanismos justificam a ocorrência de tais complicações. Compreender os fatores de riscos e a patogênese do aumento da pressão intraocular associada a aplicação de óleo de silicone em cirurgia retiniana ajuda a orientar o tratamento adequado para cada paciente. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a literatura sobre a patogenia, a incidência, os fatores de risco e o tratamento desta condição clínica.


ABSTRACT Silicone oil has been an important intraocular tamponade in retinopexy in cases of complicated retinal detachment surgery. The increase of intraocular pressure and development of secondary glaucoma are a known complication of its use. A variety of mechanisms have been proposed for the pathogenesis, depending on the onset. This article aims to review the literature about pathogenesis, the incidence and risk factors, as well as the treatment of this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Silicone Oils/adverse effects , Silicone Oils/therapeutic use , Retinal Detachment/therapy , Glaucoma/chemically induced , Ocular Hypertension/chemically induced , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Postoperative Complications , Trabecular Meshwork , Retinal Detachment/surgery , Trabeculectomy , Glaucoma/surgery , Risk Factors , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Laser Therapy , Therapeutic Occlusion/methods , Light Coagulation
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0105, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407682

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O glaucoma é considerado a maior causa de cegueira irreversível no mundo, e o aumento da pressão intraocular constitui seu principal fator de risco. Usualmente, a terapia inicial do glaucoma consiste na redução da pressão intraocular a partir da instilação de drogas hipotensoras tópicas, estando as cirurgias antiglaucomatosas reservadas, na maioria das vezes, para casos em que o controle da doença não é atingido clinicamente. Classicamente, o tratamento cirúrgico do glaucoma é realizado a partir dos procedimentos filtrantes: trabeculectomia e implante de dispositivos de drenagem. O acrônimo MIGS (do inglês minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, procedimentos minimamente invasivos para glaucoma) corresponde a um grupo de procedimentos cirúrgicos pouco invasivos, que propõem a redução pressórica de maneira mais segura e previsível, quando comparada às técnicas cirúrgicas antiglaucomatosas convencionais.


ABSTRACT Glaucoma is considered the biggest cause of irreversible blindness in the world and the increase in intraocular pressure is its main risk factor. Usually, the initial therapy for glaucoma consists of reducing IOP through the instillation of topical hypotensive drugs, with antiglaucoma surgeries being normally reserved for cases in which disease control is not clinically achieved. Classically, the surgical treatment of glaucoma is performed using filtering procedures: trabeculectomy; non-penetrating sclerotomy and glaucoma drainage devices. The acronym MIGS (Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery) corresponds to a group of minimally invasive surgical procedures that provide a safer and more predictable pressure reduction when compared to conventional antiglaucoma surgical techniques.


Subject(s)
Humans , Glaucoma/surgery , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Trabecular Meshwork/surgery , Trabeculectomy , Stents , Filtering Surgery , Prosthesis Implantation , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Injections, Intraocular , Gels , Gonioscopy , Intraocular Pressure
8.
Philippine Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 101-105, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-978926

ABSTRACT

Objective@#We reported a case of Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD) following ripcord removal of a Baerveldt shunt in a post-corneal transplant eye, and the interventions done.@*Method@#This is a case report@*Results@#A 65-year-old male with multiple surgeries (phacoemulsification, two corneal transplants, and Baerveldt shunt implantation) in the right eye developed increased intraocular pressures, prompting removal of the intraluminal stent (ripcord) of the shunt. This was complicated by hypotony and DMD. Ripcord reinsertion and viscoelastic injection were performed to reattach the Descemet's membrane (DM) but failed. 0.1mL of 14% perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas was injected into the anterior chamber that successfully reattached the DM with return to pre-operative best-corrected visual acuity after 1 week. @*Conclusion@#Injection of an expansive gas (C3F8) was effective in repairing a corneal graft DMD in an eye with a Baerveldt shunt.


Subject(s)
Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Corneal Transplantation
9.
Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation ; (6): 292-295, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928907

ABSTRACT

The treatment of refractory Glaucoma is a difficult problem in clinical ophthalmology. For refractory glaucoma patients with hyphema, shallow anterior chamber, anterior conglutination of peripheral chamber angle, corneal endothelium dystrophy or decompensated, at present, there is no effective treatment. In order to solve this problem, a new type posterior integral glaucoma valve with IOP control device was designed using medical titanium alloy, and the valve model was established by Abaqus software, and the stiffness and preload of the valve were analyzed by finite element method. The results showed that the opening and closing of the valve were controlled automatically by the pressure difference between the front and back of the valve, and the opening and flow rate of the valve increase dynamically with the increase of intraocular pressure, and finally reached the set ideal IOP value of steady state.


Subject(s)
Humans , Finite Element Analysis , Follow-Up Studies , Glaucoma , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Intraocular Pressure , Treatment Outcome
10.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(6): 413-415, nov.-dez. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156158

ABSTRACT

Resumo Descrevemos o caso de um paciente portador de glaucoma secundário que evoluiu com cisto de tenon após implante de válvula de Ahmed. A despeito da conduta expectante inicial e das intervenções cirúrgicas posteriores, apenas com a utilização da ciclofotocoagulação transescleral com laser micropulsado a pressão intraocular atingiu valores aceitáveis.


Abstract We describe the case of a patient with secondary glaucoma who developed tenon cyst after Ahmed valve implantation. Despite the initial expectant management and subsequent surgical interventions, only with the micropulse transecleral cyclophotocoagulation did the intraocular pressure reach acceptable values.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Postoperative Complications , Glaucoma/surgery , Filtering Surgery , Glaucoma Drainage Implants/adverse effects , Cysts , Tenon Capsule , Intraocular Pressure
11.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(4): 231-235, July-Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137967

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Segunda maior causa de cegueira mundial, o glaucoma, ocasionalmente necessita de procedimento cirúrgico para controle. Tendo o Brasil um Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), e crise político-econômica em 2016, objetiva-se avaliar o impacto financeiro na decisão terapêutica do glaucoma nos últimos 6 anos no Brasil, e considerar atual discussão sobre indicação de procedimentos intervencionistas precocemente no seu algoritmo terapêutico. Métodos: Estudo ecológico da população brasileira, com base no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS, avaliando comportamento temporal dos procedimentos cirúrgicos do SUS para tratamento do glaucoma, e variação do dólar como influenciador da tendência temporal sobre os procedimentos. Realizada a análise de Regressão Linear Simples, com significância estatística de P<0.05. Resultados: Entre 2013 e 2018 foram internados 24888 indivíduos por glaucoma, prevalência do sexo masculino (51.68%), brancos (32,57%) e idosos (57.84%). Regiões Sudeste (45.61%) e Nordeste (26.36%) com maior número de internações, sendo a Trabeculectomia (84,18%) principal procedimento realizado. Houve associação da Trabeculectomia e Implante de Válvula, individualmente e atrelados, com os valores do dólar nas regiões Centro-Oeste (β= 1,103 com P= 0,007 para Trabeculectomias e β= 1,105 com P=0,012 para ambos os procedimentos) e Sul (β= 16,727 e P= 0,006 para os Implantes), e associação entre aumento de Implantes na região Sul e maior cobertura na atenção básica (β= 0.64 e P= 0.009). Conclusão: Observou-se não interferência do dólar, e aumento dos procedimentos na região Sul e Centro-Oeste. Os resultados corroboram tendência intervencionista, podendo ser representada pelo possível uso dos procedimentos disponibilizados pelo SUS de forma precoce.


Abstract Objective: The second leading cause of blindness worldwide, glaucoma, occasionally requires surgical procedure for control. Given that Brazil has an Unified Health System (SUS) and a political-economic crisis in 2016, we aim to evaluate the financial impact on the therapeutic decision of glaucoma in the last 6 years in Brazil, and to consider the current discussion about early interventionist indication in its therapeutic algorithm. Methods: Ecological study of the Brazilian population, based on the SUS Hospital Information System, evaluating the temporal behavior of SUS surgical procedures on glaucoma treatment, and dollar variation as influencing the temporal trend on the procedures. Simple Linear Regression analysis was performed, with statistical significance of P <0.05. Results: Between 2013 and 2018, 24888 individuals were hospitalized for glaucoma, male prevalence (51.68%), whites (32.57%) and elderly (57.84%). Southeast (45.61%) and Northeast (26.36%) Regions with the largest number of hospitalizations, and Trabeculectomy (84.18%) being the main procedure performed. There was an association of trabeculectomy and valve implantation, individually and linked, with dollar values in the Midwest (β = 1.103 with P = 0.007 for Trabeculectomies and β = 1.105 with P = 0.012 for both procedures) and South (β). = 16,727 and P = 0,006 for Implants), and association between increased Implants in the South region and greater coverage in primary care (β = 0.64 and P = 0.009). Conclusion: Non-dollar interference was observed, and increased procedures in the South and Midwest. The results corroborate an interventionist tendency and may be represented, possible, by the use of procedures provided by the SUS in an early manner.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Unified Health System , Trabeculectomy/economics , Glaucoma/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/economics , Costs and Cost Analysis , Glaucoma Drainage Implants/economics , Brazil , Ecological Studies
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(3): 215-224, May-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131588

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Our initial goal was to compare the efficacy and safety of a glaucoma drainage device and trabeculectomy for children with primary congenital glaucoma after angular surgery failure. However, we discontinued the study due to the rate of complications and wrote this report to describe the results obtained with the two techniques in this particular group. Methods: This was a parallel, non-masked, controlled trial that included patients aged 0-13 years who had undergone previous trabeculotomy or goniotomy and presented inadequately controlled glaucoma with an intraocular pressure ≥21 mmHg on maximum tolerated medical therapy. We randomized the patients to undergo either placement of a 250-mm2 Baerveldt glaucoma implant or mitomycin-augmented trabeculectomy. The main outcome measure was intraocular pressure control. We calculated complete success (without hypotensive ocular medication) and qualified success (with medication) rates. We defined failure as uncontrolled intraocular pressure, presence of serious complications, abnormal increase in ocular dimensions, or confirmed visual acuity decrease. Results: We studied 13 eyes of 13 children (five in the glaucoma drainage device group; eight in the trabeculectomy group). Both surgical procedures produced a significant intraocular pressure reduction 12 months after intervention from the baseline (tube group, 22.8 ± 5.9 mmHg to 12.20 ± 4.14 mmHg, p=0.0113; trabeculectomy group, 23.7 ± 7.3 mmHg to 15.6 ± 5.9 mmHg, p=0.0297). None of the patients in the tube group and 37.5% of those in the trabeculectomy group achieved complete success in intraocular pressure control after 12 months of follow-up (p=0.928, Chi-square test). Two patients (40%) had serious complications at the time of tube aperture (implant extrusion, retinal detachment). Conclusions: Both the tube and trabeculectomy groups presented similar intraocular pressure controls, but complete success was more frequent in the trabeculectomy group. Non-valved glaucoma drainage devices caused potentially blinding complications during tube opening. Because of the small sample size, we could not draw conclusions as to the safety data of the studied technique.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo inicial era comparar a eficácia e a segurança do implante de drenagem e a trabeculectomia em crianças com glaucoma congênito primário após falência de cirurgia angular. Como o estudo foi descontinuado devido à taxa de complicações, o objetivo deste artigo foi descrever os resultados das duas técnicas neste grupo específico. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado, não mascarado, incluindo pacientes com idade de 0 a 13 anos previamente submetidos à goniotomia ou trabeculotomia. Os pacientes, que apresentavam glaucoma não controlado com pressão intraocular ≥21 mmHg em terapia medicamentosa máxima, foram randomizados para o implante de drenagem de Baerveldt 250 mm2 (Grupo Tubo) ou trabeculectomia com mitomicina (grupo TREC). O principal desfecho avaliado foi o controle da pressão intraocular. Sucesso completo (sem medicação ocular hipotensora) e sucesso qualificado (com medicação) foram descritos. A falência foi baseada na pressão intraocular não controlada, presença de complicações sérias, aumento anormal das dimensões oculares e diminuição confirmada da acuidade visual. Resultados: Treze olhos de 13 crianças foram estudados (cinco no grupo Tubo e oito no grupo TREC). Ambos os procedimentos reduziram a pressão intraocular em relação às medidas iniciais após 12 meses da intervenção (grupo Tubo 22.8 ± 5.9 mmHg para 12.20 ± 4.14 mmHg, p=0.0113; grupo TREC, 23.7 ± 7.3 mmHg para 15.6 ± 5.9 mmHg, p=0.0297). Nenhum paciente no grupo Tubo e 37.5% do grupo TREC alcançaram o sucesso completo após 12 meses de acompanhamento (p=0.928, teste qui-quadrado). Dois pacientes (40%) apresentaram sérias complicações no momento da abertura do tubo (extrusão do implante e descolamento de retina). Conclusão: Os dois grupos estudados apresentaram resultados semelhantes quanto ao controle da pressão intraocular, mas o sucesso completo foi mais frequente no grupo da trabeculectomia. Implantes de drenagem não valvulados podem cursar com potenciais complicações visuais no momento da abertura do tubo. Devido ao pequeno tamanho da amostra, não foi possível determinar quaisquer dados de segurança conclusivos em relação à técnica estudada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Trabeculectomy , Glaucoma , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Postoperative Complications , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Mitomycin , Intraocular Pressure
13.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(6): 364-369, nov.-dez. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057914

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The EX-PRESS device is a surgical alternative for the treatment of POAG. To describe the IOP behavior before and after the implantation of the EX-PRESS, the pharmacological treatment used in the pre and postoperative period and the complications in the first year of the postoperative period. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study with review of electronic medical records of a private ophthalmological reference hospital in Goiânia (GO) from 2013 to 2018. Sample composed of 8 eyes with POAG subjected to the EX-PRESS implant. We observed the variables: gender, age, operated eye, antiglaucomatous medications used, pre and postoperative intraocular pressure, and possible complications. Results: In the preoperative period, all eyes used antiglaucomatous drops, 75% used 3 or more different classes simultaneously. After 12 months of EX-PRESS, only 12.5% used three or more eye drops and 37.5% did not use any eye drops. On average, IOP varied from 18.63mmHg (SD 9.38) in the preoperative period to 14.50mmHg (SD 4.14) at 12 months postoperatively. Complications were: ocular hypotension, ocular hypertension; thinning of the conjunctival blister, cystic blister obstruction of the EX-PRESS. We resolved all coplications. Conclusion: The efficacy of EX-PRESS in IOP reduction was verified in the study. Concomitantly, there was a considerable decrease in anti-glaucomatous medications, and few associated complications.


Resumo Objetivo: O dispositivo EX-PRESS é uma alternativa cirúrgica para o tratamento do GPAA. Descrever o comportamento da PIO antes e após a implantação do EX-PRESS, o tratamento farmacológico utilizado no período pré e pós-operatório e as complicações no primeiro ano do pós-operatório. Métodos: Estudo descritivo quantitativo com revisão de prontuários eletrônicos de um hospital particular de referência oftalmológica de Goiânia (GO) no período de 2013 a 2018. Amostra composta por 8 olhos com GPAA submetidos ao implante de EX-PRESS. Foram observadas variáveis: sexo, idade, olho operado, medicações antiglaucomatosas usadas, pressão intraocular pré e pós-operatória, e possíveis complicações. Resultados: No pré-operatório, todos os olhos usavam colírios antiglaucomatosos, 75% faziam uso simultâneo de 3 ou mais classes diferentes. Após 12 meses do EX-PRESS, apenas 12,5% usavam três ou mais colírios e 37,5% não usavam nenhum colírio. Em média, as PIO variaram de 18,63 (DP 9,38) mmHg no pré-operatório para 14,50 (DP 4,14) mmHg em 12 meses do pós-operatório. As complicações foram: hipotensão ocular, hipertensão ocular,afinamento de bolha conjuntival, bolha cística, obstrução parcial do EX-PRESS. Conclusão: A eficácia do EX-PRESS na redução da PIO foi verificada na amostra desse estudo. Concomitantemente, constatou-se diminuição considerável de medicações anti-glaucomatosas, e poucas complicações associadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Tonometry, Ocular/instrumentation , Electronic Health Records
14.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 32(3): e759, jul.-set. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1099080

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar los resultados del implante dispositivo de glaucoma de Ahmed en pacientes con glaucoma pediátrico refractario. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de serie de casos en 15 pacientes (17 ojos) con glaucoma pediátrico refractario atendidos en el Servicio de Oftalmología Pediátrica del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" de enero del año 2011 a enero de 2016, a quienes se les implantó una válvula de Ahmed y fueron seguidos por un periodo de 3 años. Se evaluaron la agudeza visual, la presión intraocular pre y posoperatoria, el éxito completo, el éxito calificado, las complicaciones y las reintervenciones. Resultados: La mediana de edad de los pacientes fue de 4,0 años y predominó el sexo masculino (58,8 por ciento). La media de la presión intraocular preoperatoria fue de 37,3 mmHg y disminuyó a 19,4 mmHg de manera significativa (p= 0,000) en el posoperatorio. El análisis de supervivencia global mostró una probabilidad acumulada de éxito completo de 94,1 por ciento al 1,5 mes, 70,6 por ciento a los 12 meses, 58,8 por ciento a los 18 meses, y 47,1 por ciento a los 24 y a los 36 meses. La de éxito calificado fue de: 94,1 por ciento a los 12 meses, 82,4 por ciento a los 18 meses, y 76,5 por ciento a los 24 y a los 36 meses. La frecuencia de complicaciones fue de 29,4 por ciento y la de reintervenciones de 23,5 por ciento. Conclusiones: El implante de válvula de Ahmed en el glaucoma pediátrico refractario es una indicación para la reducción de la presión intraocular(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Determine the results of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in patients with pediatric refractory glaucoma. Methods: A case-series study was conducted of 15 patients (17 eyes) with pediatric refractory glaucoma attending the pediatric ophthalmology service of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January 2011 to January 2016. These patients underwent Ahmed valve implantation and were followed up for a period of three years. Evaluation was performed of visual acuity, pre- and post-operative intraocular pressure, complete success, qualified success, complications and reinterventions. Results: Mean age of patients was 4.0 years, with a predominance of the male sex (58.8 percent). Mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 37.3 mmHg, significantly decreasing to 19.4 mmHg (p= 0.000) in the postoperative period. Overall survival analysis revealed a cumulative probability of complete success of 94.1 percent at 1.5 months, 70.6 percent at 12 months, 58.8 percent at 18 months and 47.1 percent at 24 and 36 months. Cumulative probability of qualified success was 94.1 percent at 12 months, 82.4 percent at 18 months and 76.5 percent at 24 and 36 months. The rate of complications and reinterventions was 29.4 percent and 23.5 percent, respectively. Conclusions: Indication of Ahmed valve implantation in pediatric refractory glaucoma is aimed at reducing intraocular pressure(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Glaucoma/surgery , Glaucoma Drainage Implants/adverse effects , Intraocular Pressure , Case Reports
15.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(6): 514-516, Nov.-Dec. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973851

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Although minimally invasive glaucoma surgery using different types of implants is a promising strategy for treating glaucoma, potential long-term complications require further evaluation. Here, we report a case of the anterior chamber displacement of a Xen implant due to a maneuver aimed at correcting a dysfunctional and bent subconjunctival implant.


RESUMO Embora a cirurgia de glaucoma minimamente in vasiva, que usa diferentes tipos de implantes, seja uma estratégia promissora para o tratamento do glaucoma, as possíveis complicações a longo prazo exigem uma avaliação mais aprofundada. Aqui, relatamos um caso de deslocamento da câmara anterior de um implante Xen devido a uma manobra que visa corrigir um implante subconjuntival disfuncional e dobrado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Postoperative Complications , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Stents , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Equipment Failure , Anterior Chamber/surgery
16.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(5): 235-239, set.-out. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977872

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Relatar perfil clínico epidemiológico de pacientes que apresentaram o pico hipertensivo após o IVA e apontar possíveis fatores de risco associados. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, observacional e descritivo (revisão de prontuário de pacientes assistidos no IBOPC) de 2014 a 2016. Resultados: Foram analisados 40 pacientes com glaucoma submetidos à implante de válvula de Ahmed. O diagnóstico pré-operatório mais comum foi glaucoma secundário, sendo a indicação pós-transplante penetrante de córnea a mais frequente. 95% das cirurgias foi de implante de tubo isolado. 56% dos pacientes tinham cirurgia anti- glaucomatosa prévia. 46% necessitaram de procedimento cirúrgico posterior para manejo de complicações pós-operatórias, sendo que a mais frequente foi atalamia (9,7%). PIO média no pré-operatório = 28,6 ± 12.20mmHg, com uso de 3,41 medicações. Com 3 semanas a PIO média aumentou para 16mmHg, com uso de 0,42 medicações. Após 3 meses de cirurgia a PIO média estava em 16.5mmHg, com uso de 1,86 de medicações. Após 6 meses de seguimento a PIO média reduziu (16,4 ± 6.74mmHg), com 2,23 ± 1.45 medicações. A média da AV (Snellen) foi de 20/100p no pré-operatório e de 20/200 após 6° mês de cirurgia. Catorze pacientes preencheram os critérios para a FH, destes 6 obtiveram resolução da FH. Dos pacientes que desenvolveram a FH, 78,4% iniciaram a elevação da PIO entre a 2ª e 4ª semana de pós-operatório. Seis (14,6%) pacientes obtiveram sucesso cirúrgico completo, parcial em 36,6% e falência 31%. Conclusão: A fase hipertensiva pode ocorrer em parte dos pacientes após as semanas iniciais do procedimento cirúrgico. O conhecimento deste fenômeno, o preparo prévio do cirurgião, o acompanhamento regular do paciente e o controle da PIO com o uso de medicações são determinantes na resolução desta complicação.


Abstract Objective: To report the clinical epidemiological profile of patients who presented the hypertensive peak after VAT and to indicate possible associated risk factors. Methods: A retrospective, observational and descriptive study (review of medical records of patients assisted in the IBOPC) from 2014 to 2016. Results: We analyzed 40 patients with glaucoma submitted to Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implant. The most common preoperative diagnosis was secondary glaucoma, with the most frequent corneal penetrating post-transplant indication. 95% of the surgeries were of isolated tube implantation. 56% of patients had previous anti-glaucomatous surgery. 46% needed a posterior surgical procedure to manage postoperative complications, and the most frequent was atalamia (9.7%). IOP preoperatively = 28.6 ± 12.20mmHg, with use of 3.41 medications. At 3 weeks the mean IOP increased to 16mmHg, with use of 0.42 medications. After 3 months of surgery the mean IOP was 16.5mmHg, with use of 1.86 of medications. After 6 months of follow-up the mean IOP decreased (16.4 ± 6.74 mmHg), with 2.23 ± 1.45 medications. The mean of the AV (Snellen) was 20 / 100p in the preoperative period and 20/200 after the 6th month of surgery. Fourteen patients fulfilled the criteria for HP, of which 6 obtained HP resolution. Of the patients who developed HP, 78.4% started to elevate IOP between the 2nd and 4th postoperative week. Six (14.6%) patients had complete surgical success, partial in 36.6% and bankruptcy in 31%. Conclusion: The hypertensive phase may occur in part of the patients after the initial weeks of the surgical procedure. The knowledge of this phenomenon, the previous preparation of the surgeon, the regular monitoring of the patient and the control of IOP with the use of medications are determinant in the resolution of this complication.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Glaucoma/surgery , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Postoperative Complications , Ocular Hypertension/physiopathology , Medical Records , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Observational Study
17.
Medwave ; 18(5): e7238, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-915409

ABSTRACT

Resumen INTRODUCCIÓN: La derivación acuosa ha surgido como una técnica alternativa a la trabeculectomía, considerada la cirugía de elección en pacientes con glaucoma. Actualmente, se considera que la principal indicación de esta técnica es ante el fracaso de la trabeculectomía o en tipos de glaucoma que tienen alto riesgo de fracasar. La válvula Ahmed y el implante Baerveldt son las derivaciones acuosas más utilizadas. Sin embargo, no está claro cuáles son las diferencias entre estas dos alternativas. MÉTODOS: Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud a nivel mundial, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, reanalizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos cinco revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron 10 estudios primarios, de los cuales dos son ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que la válvula Ahmed probablemente logra una menor disminución de la presión intraocular; podría lograr un menor éxito calificado y probablemente necesita más reintervenciones que el implante Baerveldt. Respecto al perfil de seguridad, la válvula Ahmed no se presenta claramente superior ni inferior al implante Baerveldt.


Abstract INTRODUCTION: Aqueous shunt has emerged as an alternative technique to trabeculectomy, considered the standard for glaucoma surgery. Currently, it is mainly indicated after failure of trabeculectomy or in glaucoma with high risk of failure. The Ahmed valve and the Baerveldt implant are the most commonly used aqueous shunts. However, it is not clear whether there are differences between them. METHODS.: o answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified five systematic reviews including 10 studies overall, of which two were randomized trials. We concluded the Ahmed valve probably achieves a lower decrease in intraocular pressure, might lead to less qualified success and probably needs more reinterventions than the Baerveldt implant. Regarding safety profile, the Ahmed valve is not clearly superior or inferior to the Baerveldt implant.


Subject(s)
Humans , Trabeculectomy/methods , Glaucoma/surgery , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Trabeculectomy/instrumentation , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Databases, Factual , Treatment Outcome , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Intraocular Pressure
18.
Medwave ; 18(8): e7389, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-969324

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La derivación acuosa ha surgido como una técnica alternativa a la trabeculectomía, la cual se considera el tratamiento estándar para cirugía de glaucoma. Actualmente, su principal indicación es en el glaucoma con trabeculectomía fallida o en algunos tipos de glaucoma con alto riesgo de fracaso. Sin embargo, aún existe controversia con respecto a su efectividad en comparación con la trabeculectomía. MÉTODOS: Realizamos una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos cinco revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron nueve estudios primarios, de los cuales, cuatro corresponden a ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que la derivación acuosa podría aumentar el éxito calificado en comparación con la trabeculectomía, pero que no está claro si tiene algún efecto sobre el resto de los desenlaces críticos para la toma de decisión, porque la certeza de la evidencia es muy baja.


INTRODUCTION: Aqueous shunt has emerged as an alternative technique to trabeculectomy, which is considered the standard treatment for glaucoma surgery. Currently, it is mainly indicated after failure of trabeculectomy or in some types of glaucoma with high risk of failure. However, there is still controversy regarding its effectiveness compared to trabeculectomy. METHODS: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified five systematic reviews including nine studies overall, of which four were randomized trials. We concluded that aqueous shunt might increase the qualified success compared to trabeculectomy, but it is not clear whether it has any effect on the rest of the critical outcomes for decision-making because the certainty of the evidence is very low.


Subject(s)
Humans , Trabeculectomy/methods , Glaucoma/surgery , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Databases, Factual , Treatment Outcome
19.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 211-220, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-714959

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes and factors associated with surgical failure in patients who underwent combined phacoemulsification and Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. METHODS: This retrospective and longitudinal study enrolled 40 eyes (38 patients) that underwent combined phacoemulsification and AGV implantation. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of antiglaucoma medications were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. Complete success was defined as a last follow-up IOP of 6 to 21 mmHg without medication, qualified success as an IOP of 6 to 21 mmHg with medication, and failure as an IOP of >21 or <6 mmHg. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 18 ± 10 months. Preoperative diagnoses were chronic angle closure glaucoma (35.0%), neovascular glaucoma (22.5%), uveitic glaucoma (17.5%), primary open-angle glaucoma (15.0%), and other (10.0%). IOP decreased from a mean of 30.5 ± 8.7 to 14.5 ± 3.7 mmHg at the last follow-up visit (p < 0.001). Treatment was classified as qualified success in 18 eyes (45%), complete success in 15 (37.5%), and failure in seven (17.5%). Twenty-two eyes (55%) showed improvement in visual acuity. The most common postoperative complication was a transient hypertensive phase (five eyes, 12.5%). Tube-iris touch was associated with surgical failure (hazard ratio, 8.615; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Combined phacoemulsification and AGV implantation is an effective and safe surgical option for patients with refractory glaucoma and cataract. Postoperative tube-iris touch is an indicator of poor prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cataract , Diagnosis , Follow-Up Studies , Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Glaucoma , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure , Glaucoma, Neovascular , Glaucoma, Open-Angle , Intraocular Pressure , Longitudinal Studies , Phacoemulsification , Postoperative Complications , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Visual Acuity
20.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 30(4): 1-6, oct.-dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-901390

ABSTRACT

La cirugía del glaucoma es una opción de tratamiento encaminada a disminuir la presión intraocular, una vez que no hay respuesta a las alternativas no quirúrgicas. En los últimos años está experimentando una evolución sorprendente. Aparecen nuevos dispositivos que buscan obtener un control tensional con las mínimas complicaciones. Actualmente se reserva el término minimally invasive glaucoma surgery para el grupo de técnicas quirúrgicas que favorecen el drenaje del humor acuoso vía ab-interno a través de la córnea clara y con las cuales con frecuencia se coloca un dispositivo biocompatible en el ángulo camerular. El Ex-PRESS, el Trabectome, el iStent y recientemente el Cypass (julio, 2016) son los únicos aprobados por la FDA. Pendiente de esto se encuentran el Hydruss y el XEN. Sin embargo, es necesario para la mayoría de ellos mostrar su éxito en el tiempo(AU)


Glaucoma surgery is a therapeutic alternative aimed at reducing the intraocular pressure when there is no response to non-surgical medical treatment. In the last few years, glaucoma surgery has remarkably evolved. New devices, capable of achieving pressure management with minor complications, have emerged. The term MIGS (minimally invasive glaucoma surgery) is reserved only for those techniques that favor aqueous humor drainage ab-interno approach through clear corneal incision and usually a biocompatible device is placed into the anterior chamber angle. The Ex-PRESS, Trabectome, iStent and recently Cypass (July 2016) are the only devices approved by the Food and Drug Enforcement Agency (FDA). Hydrus and Xen are still pending on approval. Nevertheless, it is required that most of them prove their success in the course of time(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Glaucoma Drainage Implants/adverse effects , Glaucoma/surgery , Trabeculectomy/methods
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